Explanation Text (Explanatory) : Where Does Rain Come From

Explanation or also knows as explanatory text is a kind of text that explain the processes involved in the formation or workings of natural or sociocultural phenomena

Explanation Text is a kind of Factual Genre. Explanation Text consist of two structure, they are general statement and explanation.

General Statement provides a general statement to position the reader. It focuses on generic, non human participants.

Explanation gives a sequence explaining of why or how something occurs. It is comprised mainly material and relational process, temporal, causal circumstances and conjunctions.

Here is one of the example of Explanation or Explanatory text. It explains about science. Remember that it is just a simple example. You can develop by your self according your need and your tasks from your teacher. You may use it as a reference.

Where Does Rain Come From

Rain always comes from clouds. But where do clouds come from? How does all that water get into the sky?

Think about your bathroom. There is hot water in your bath. Steam goes up from the hot water. The steam makes small clouds in the bathroom. These warm clouds meet the cold walls and windows, and then we see small drops of water on the walls and windows.

The world is like your bathroom. The water in the oceans warms when the sun shines on it. Some of this water goes up into the sky and makes clouds. The wind carries the clouds for hundreds of kilometers. Then the clouds meet cold air in the sky, and we see drops of water. The drops of water are rain.

The rain falls and runs into rivers. Rivers run into oceans. And the water from oceans makes clouds and more rain. So water is always moving from oceans to clouds to rain to rivers to oceans. So the rain on your head was on other heads before! The water in your garden was in other gardens in other countries.

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Explanation Text (Explanatory) : The Phenomena of El Nino

Explanation or also knows as explanatory text is a kind of text that explain the processes involved in the formation or workings of natural or sociocultural phenomena.

Explanation Text is a kind of Factual Genre. Explanation Text consist of two structure, they are general statement and explanation.

General Statement provides a general statement to position the reader. It focuses on generic, non human participants.

Explanation gives a sequence explaining of why or how something occurs. It is comprised mainly material and relational process, temporal, causal circumstances and conjunctions.

Here is one of the example of Explanation or Explanatory text. It explains about science. Remember that it is just a simple example. You can develop by your self according your need and your tasks from your teacher. You may use it as a reference.

The Phenomena of El Nino

What Is El Nino (General Statement)
El Nino is a warm water current which moves off the west coast of Chile and Peru. The current is believed to be closely associated with irregular variations in the global weather system and it occurs approximately every 7–11 years. The wider consequences of El Nino can be catastrophic. The current is associated with short–term changes in worldwide climate patterns, and may cause drought in place such as Australia and violent tropical cyclones in the Pacific Ocean. Some scientists fear that global warming may be making El Nino occur more frequently.

How does El Nino Occurs (Explanation)
The combined influence of land, sea and air on weather conditions can create a global climate rhythm. In the Pacific Ocean, for example (A), trade winds normally blow from east to west (1) along the Equator, “dragging” sun–warmed surface waters into a pool of North Australia and there by the thermocline–the boundary between warm surface waters and the cooler layers beneath (2). High cumulus  clouds form above these warm waters, bringing rain in the summer wet season (3). Cooler, nutrient-rich waters rise to surface off Southern America (4), supporting extensive shoals of anchovies on which a vast fishing industry has developed. The weather over this cold water region is dry.

Every 3–5 years a change occurs in the ocean-atmosphere interaction. The climatic pattern is reserved (B)–an event known as El Nino. The trade winds ease, or even reverse direction (5), during El Nino and the warm surface waters which have “pilled up” in the West Pacific flow back to warm the waters off South America by 2–3°C (6). This depresses the east thermocline (7) and dramatically affects the climate. In an El Nino year, drought and bush fires occur over Australia, while flood affect Bolivia and Peru. The warm waters off South America suppress upwelling of the cold nutrient rich waters, bringing disaster to the fishing industry.

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Explanation Text (Explanatory) : What Causes Air to Rise

Explanation or also knows as explanatory text is a kind of text that explain the processes involved in the formation or workings of natural or sociocultural phenomena.

Explanation Text is a kind of Factual Genre. Explanation Text consist of two structure, they are general statement and explanation.

General Statement provides a general statement to position the reader. It focuses on generic, non human participants.

Explanation gives a sequence explaining of why or how something occurs. It is comprised mainly material and relational process, temporal, causal circumstances and conjunctions.

Here is one of the example of Explanation or Explanatory text. It explains about science. It is About The causes air to rise. Remember that it is just a simple example. You can develop by your self according your need and your tasks from your teacher. You may use it as a reference.

What Causes Air to Rise? 

There are several ways in which air can be forced to rise, thus causing the water droplets to condense. We will look at each of these in turn.

1. The air is heated from the ground
This tends to occur mainly in the tropics, where the air in contact with the ground is warmer than the air above. So it will rise. As a result, sometimes huge thunder–clouds (called cumulonimbus clouds) form and the associated rainfall can be very heavy. This type of rainfall is called convection rain.

2. The air is forced to cross a mountain barrier
As an air mass crosses a mountain barrier, it is forced to rise. If the mountains are sufficiently high and the air mass contains enough moisture, clouds will form and rain will fall on the windward side (the side closest to where the air mass is coming form). This rainfall is known as orographic rain, meaning “caused by the shape of the land”. The air mass, now drier and warmer, will continue to flow down the other side of the mountains (the leeward side).

3. Air rises as it enters an area of low pressure
As air rises, other air must replace it which, in turn, also rises. This is a complex process. As the air rises, it moves in a spiral, but if enough air enters an area of flow pressure, clouds will form and rain may fall

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Explanation Text (Explanatory) : Acid Rain

Explanation or also knows as explanatory text is a kind of text that explain the processes involved in the formation or workings of natural or socio-cultural phenomena.

Explanation Text is a kind of Factual Genre. Explanation Text consist of two structure, they are general statement and explanation.

General Statement provides a general statement to position the reader. It focuses on generic, non human participants.

Explanation gives a sequence explaining of why or how something occurs. It is comprised mainly material and relational process, temporal, causal circumstances and conjunctions.

Here is one of the example of Explanation or Explanatory text. Remember that it is just a simple example. You can develop by your self according your need and your tasks from your teacher. You may use it as a reference.

Acid Rain

Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Acid rain may have a pH value as low as 2.8.

Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all fish and plant life because of acid rain.

Acid rain comes from sulphur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulphur dioxide (SO2). Most sulphur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous sulphur dioxide (SO2) and most nitrogen is emitted as nitrogen oxides (NO or NO2), both of which are gases. The gases may be dry deposited–absorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surface vegetation. If they are in the atmosphere for any time, the gases will oxidise (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as acids. Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3).

The acids usually dissolve in cloud droplets and may travel great distances before being precipitated as acid rain. Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone and ammonium help promote the formation of acids in clouds. More ammonium (NH4) can be formed when some of the acids are partially neutralised by airborne ammonia (NH3). Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen (H+) ions dissolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emitted by for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low level ozone causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain.

When acid rain falls on the ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminium (Al). When it is washed into lakes, aluminium irritates the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the lake the pH of the lake falls. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots and soil micro organisms.

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Narrative Text : The Story of Sangkuriang

Hello readers! We are glad to see you again. We give you another example of Narrative text to make you understand genre you learned.

In this occasion, you will read "The Story of Sangkuriang". It is one of popular legend from West Java, Indonesia. This story also known as The Legend of Tangkuban Perahu.

Enjoy reading this text. Hopefully, you can develop this text with your own writing. Try to write narrative text with your own words.

The Story of Sangkuriang

A very long time ago in West Java, there lived a king, named Raden Sungging Pebangkara. He was a good ruler. He liked hunting in the forest very much.

In the forest, there lived a she-pig, actually a cursed goddess. One day, she came out of her hiding place looking for water. There, she saw a coconut shell filled with water. Expecting it to be coconut milk she drank it, having no suspicions that it was the king's urine left there the day before when he went hunting.

The consequence was very strange. She became pregnant. A few months later she gave birth to a very pretty girl.

When the king was hunting again in the forest, he saw the girl and was attracted by her beauty. He took her to his palace, then he called her Dayang Sumbi and treated her as his own daughter.

Time passed and Dayang Sumbi grew up into a beautiful girl. She was fond of weaving.

One morning as she was weaving, her weaving spool flew out of the window to the field. Because she was very tired, she mumbled, “Whoever is willing to help me pick up the spool, I'll treat her as my sister if she is a girl. If he is a man, I'll treat him as my husband”. These words were heard by a dog, called Tumang, actually a cursed god too. He immediately picked up the spool and gave it to Dayang Sumbi. Seeing the dog had helped her, she fainted. The god had decided for her to undergo the fate. She became pregnant and a short time afterwards she gave birth to a healthy strong son whom she called Sangkuriang.

Sangkuriang became a handsome young man, as time went by. Like his grandfather, he was fond of hunting in the forest and Tumang was his faithful friend when roaming the woods. He didn't realize that Tumang was actually his father.

One day, when the dog didn't obey him to chase the pig, Sangkuriang was very angry and killed the dog and cut up his flesh into pieces and took it home to his mother. For a moment Dayang Sumbi was speechless and took a spool and flung it at him. This left a scar on the spot. Then Dayang Sumbi sent him away.

Sangkuriang left and wandered through the woods. He walked for years.

Finally he returned to his native place, but did not recognise it any longer. At the end of a vast rice field, he noticed a house and saw a young girl sitting at her weaving-loom. He approached her and was charmed by her beauty. He was unaware that she was his own mother. Dayang Sumbi had been given eternal beauty by the gods which was why she looked young forever. She looked at him and noticing his good looks, she promised to marry him. They made plans for their wedding day, but one day she discovered the scar on his forehead. She knew that he was her own son who had come back to his village.

She made an effort to make him understand that marriage between them was impossible, but Sangkuriang refused to accept it. She had an idea and said to him“All right, you shall marry me if only you can dam up the Citarum river and build a big vessel all in one night”.

Sangkuriang agreed and started to work by using his magic powers and his praying to the gods for help.

To prevent the marriage, before Sangkuriang finished his work, she stretched the red veil which covered her head over the eastern side of the plain. Through her magic powers, the red light spread over the landscape, giving the impression that the sun was rising and that the time was up. Angrily, Sangkuriang kicked the vessel which was almost finished, upside down.

Some times later the vessel became the mountain of Tangkuban Perahu on the northern side of Bandung

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